๐ GitLab CI/CD ๅ ฅ้：ๅพ Runner ๅฐ Pipeline ๅฏฆๆฐ้จ็ฝฒ
GitLab CI/CD ๆฏ็ฎๅๆๅฎๆด、ๆๆไธๆ็่ชๅๅ้จ็ฝฒๅทฅๅ
ทไนไธ。ๅช่ฆๅจๅฐๆกไธญๅ ๅ
ฅ .gitlab-ci.yml，ๅฐฑ่ฝ่ฎ็จๅผ็ขผ่ชๅ็ทจ่ญฏ、ๆธฌ่ฉฆไธฆ้จ็ฝฒ。
ๆฌ็ฏๅพ้ถ้ๅง，ๅธถไฝ ๅพ Runner ่จญๅฎ、Pipeline ๆฆๅฟต，ๅฐๅฏฆ้้จ็ฝฒๆกไพ，ไธๆฌกๆๆกๅฎๆดๆต็จ。
๐ ็ฌฌไธ็ซ ：ไป้บผๆฏ GitLab CI/CD？
CI/CD ๆฏ็พไปฃ DevOps ็ๅบ็ค，็ฑไธ้จๅ็ตๆ：
- CI（ๆ็บๆดๅ）：่ชๅ็ทจ่ญฏ、ๆธฌ่ฉฆ、Lint ๆชขๆฅ
- CD（ๆ็บ้จ็ฝฒ／ไบคไป）：่ชๅไฝ็ฝฒๅฐๆธฌ่ฉฆ็ฐๅขๆๆญฃๅผ็ฐๅข
- Pipeline：็ฑๅคๅ Job ็ตๆ็่ชๅๅๆต็จ
ๆดๅๆต็จ็ฑ GitLab Runner ๅท่ก，ๅ ๆญค Runner ๆฏ็ณป็ตฑ็ๆ ธๅฟ。
๐ ็ฌฌไบ็ซ ：GitLab Runner ไป็ดน่ๅฎ่ฃ
2.1 Runner ้กๅ
| Runner ้กๅ | ้ฉ็จๆ ๅข |
|---|---|
| Shell Runner | ็ฐกๅฎ็ฐๅข、ๆธฌ่ฉฆ็จ、่ฃธๆฉๅท่ก |
| Docker Runner | ๆๅธธ็จ、้้ขๆงไฝณ、ๅฏไฝฟ็จไธๅ Base Image |
| Kubernetes Runner | ๅคงๅ็ณป็ตฑ、้ฒ็ซฏๅพฎๆๅ、Pod ๅๆ ๅปบ็ซ |
2.2 Linux ๅฎ่ฃ Runner（ๅฎๆนๆนๅผ）
# Debian / Ubuntu
curl -L https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/runner/gitlab-runner/script.deb.sh | sudo bash
sudo apt install gitlab-runner -y
2.3 ่จปๅ Runner
้ฒๅ ฅ GitLab → CI/CD → Runners → Register a runner ๅๅพ token ๅพ，ๅจๆฉๅจไธๅท่ก：
sudo gitlab-runner register
# ่ผธๅ
ฅ GitLab URL
# ่ผธๅ
ฅ Token
# ้ธๆ runner executor (shell / docker)
2.4 Docker Runner（ๅปบ่ญฐไฝฟ็จ）
sudo gitlab-runner register \
--executor docker \
--docker-image "python:3.11" \
--description "docker-runner"
๐ ็ฌฌไธ็ซ ：Pipeline ่ Job ๅบ็ค
GitLab CI/CD ่จญๅฎๆช็บๅฐๆกๆ น็ฎ้็ .gitlab-ci.yml。
3.1 ๆ็ฐกๅฎ็ Pipeline
stages:
- test
test_job:
stage: test
script:
- echo "Pipeline is working!"
3.2 ๅ ๅ ฅๅค้ๆฎตๆต็จ
stages:
- build
- test
- deploy
build:
stage: build
script:
- npm install
- npm run build
test:
stage: test
script:
- npm test
deploy:
stage: deploy
script:
- bash deploy.sh
๐ ็ฌฌๅ็ซ ：ๅฏฆๆฐๆกไพ（Docker + GitLab Runner）
4.1 ่ชๅๅปบ็ฝฎ Docker Image
stages:
- build
- push
variables:
IMAGE_NAME: registry.example.com/project/app
docker_build:
stage: build
image: docker:stable
services:
- docker:dind
script:
- docker build -t $IMAGE_NAME:$CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA .
4.2 ๆจ้ Image ่ณ GitLab Registry
docker_push:
stage: push
image: docker:stable
services:
- docker:dind
script:
- echo "$CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD" | docker login -u "$CI_REGISTRY_USER" --password-stdin $CI_REGISTRY
- docker push $IMAGE_NAME:$CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA
4.3 ๅจ้ ็ซฏไธปๆฉ่ชๅ้จ็ฝฒ
deploy_prod:
stage: deploy
script:
- ssh root@10.10.10.11 "docker pull $IMAGE_NAME:$CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA && docker compose up -d"
only:
- main
๐ ็ฌฌไบ็ซ ：่ชๅ้จ็ฝฒ Linux ๆๅ（Nginx / Python / NodeJS）
Python App ่ชๅ้จ็ฝฒ：
deploy_python:
stage: deploy
script:
- ssh root@server "cd /srv/app && git pull && systemctl restart app.service"
NodeJS ่ชๅ้จ็ฝฒ：
deploy_node:
stage: deploy
script:
- ssh root@server "pm2 reload app"
Nginx Reload：
deploy_nginx:
stage: deploy
script:
- ssh root@server "nginx -t && systemctl reload nginx"
๐ ็ฌฌๅ ญ็ซ ：ๆไฝณๅฏฆๅ
- ๐ ไฝฟ็จ Masked Variables ไฟๅญๅฏ็ขผ่ Token
- ๐ณ ๅปบ่ญฐไฝฟ็จ Docker Runner ไปฅ้้ขๅท่ก็ฐๅข
- ๐ฆ ไฝฟ็จ artifacts ไฟๅญ build ็ตๆ（ไพๅฆ build/）
- ๐ค ้จ็ฝฒ้ๆฎตๅชๅ ่จฑ main / production branch
- ๐️ ่จๅพๆธ ็่ Pipeline artifacts ่่ Runner logs
๐ ็ฌฌไธ็ซ ：ๅฎๆดๅฐๆก็ตๆง（ๅฏไธ GitHub）
project/
├── .gitlab-ci.yml
├── src/
├── docker/
├── deploy/
│ ├── deploy.sh
│ └── docker-compose.yml
└── docs/
๐ ็ต่ช
GitLab CI/CD ๆฏๅผทๅคง็ DevOps ๅทฅๅ ท，ๅช่ฆๆๆก Runner、Pipeline Stages、Variables ไปฅๅ่ชๅ้จ็ฝฒๆต็จ，ๅฐฑ่ฝๅฎๆดไธฒ่ตทไฝ ็้็ผ่็ผไฝ็ๅฝ้ฑๆ。 ๆฌ็ฏๅ ฅ้ๆ็ซ ๅทฒ่ถณไปฅ่ฎไฝ ๅปบ็ซ CI/CD MVP ๆต็จ，ๅพ็บไฝ ไน่ฝๅ ๅ ฅ Unit Test、Code Quality、Canary Deployment ็ญๆด้ฒ้็ๅ่ฝ。
ไธไธ็ฏๅฐๆจๅบ： 《GitLab + Proxmox：ๅพ CI/CD ่ชๅ้จ็ฝฒ VM、LXC ่ๅข้่จญๅฎ》（ไผๆฅญ็）》
ๆฒๆ็่จ:
ๅผต่ฒผ็่จ